Love your neighbor as yourself -- one of the two great commandments -- has sometimes been taken to imply "You cannot love your neighbor unless you first love yourself." Let's take a look at that idea and see where it goes.
Suppose we start by rejecting a wholly superficial reading of that statement, one that would have you grabbing the goods to yourself and making sure you are satisfied and comfortable before turning to help others at all.
Suppose we also set aside, as territory already well explored, the "airplane oxygen mask" analogy. You know it: it argues that you are justified in meeting your own basic needs before turning your attention to others, on the unselfish grounds that lack of those needs can make you useless to serve. (Territory well explored or not, I wonder if this gives us a useful definition of which needs are "basic.")
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Here's the thing: it's a commandment and, as far as I can tell, plainly enough stated that most translations come out essentially the same. Love your neighbor as [you love] yourself.
C. S. Lewis (in Mere Christianity) pointed out succinctly the first step:
[w]e might try to understand exactly what loving your neighbor as yourself means. I have to love him as I love myself. Well, how exactly do I love myself?
and, remembering that "neighbor" includes "enemies," went on to decide that "loving yourself" doesn't mean thinking yourself a good person, and it doesn't mean appreciating what you have done. In another comment (from a Q & A session) Lewis implied that we love ourselves by always wanting what's good for ourselves, and said: "Love is... a steady wish for the loved person's ultimate good as far as it can be obtained."
He's not wrong. I think he probably implies (by saying "as far as it can be obtained") that loving means, also, trying to act in a way that works for and not against that good. This is a great way to (theoretically) understand how to use "love your neighbor as yourself" to understand the answer to the question "how shall I love my neighbor?"
What we're up against is: And what about people who don't love themselves, or know how to love themselves? Where do they start?
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Remaining in the domain of smug theory, my first impulse is to point out that "love your neighbor as yourself" is the second great commandment, and so we should expect any incompleteness or difficulties in it to be resolved by the first one. Which is, you might remember, to love God with all your heart, mind, soul, and strength. Presumably if we manage to obey the first great commandment, we'll grok precisely how the second one makes sense. And presumably (says the smug theorist), this really implies something more like "perhaps what Jesus said means you can't love your neighbor before you love yourself; but if so, it's just as likely that you can't love yourself before you love God. So get your priorities in order. If love of self must precede love of neighbor, surely love of God precedes love of self."
I mean, it sounds right (says I, the smug theorist).
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But does one precede another in a time series? I think not. It's tempting to say "Well, once I've mastered loving God, I'll be able to master loving myself correctly, and then I can turn to loving my neighbor." Except that we know that "loving God" is not a master-able skill in this world. You're not going to figure it all out. What you can do--what I think we're commanded to--is the hard work of trying to get better and better at it your whole life long. So do that!
And... knowing that you'll never have "mastered" loving God... you know that you cannot wait until mastery to start trying to love yourself correctly, with clear eyes.
Lewis gave a prescriptive definition of love. If you love yourself correctly, you have a steady wish for your own ultimate good (and, I expect, it means also you act as far as you can to secure it). But of course I can do this incorrectly. Perhaps I don't really understand what my ultimate good is. Perhaps I don't understand what actions will actually secure my good. Perhaps I think I am helping myself when I actually am hurting myself.
(And many people might say: perhaps I don't actually love myself at all; I deserve no ultimate good; when I see myself, I see a hated enemy; and "love your neighbor as yourself" is nonsense, or a prescription for lashing out.)
What about that? If I love myself wrong, should I even try to love my neighbor? I'm bound to make mistakes. That's maybe not too big a deal when we're talking about wishing someone's good, but sooner or later I will have to do something for them. Will I screw up?
Often I try to give myself something that I think is good for me and it turns out not to be good for me (in the long run) at all. I train myself or punish myself with suffering, and to my surprise it doesn't always make me stronger or better, but sometimes crushes and weakens me. I indulge myself or nurture myself with comforts, and it doesn't always nourish me or heal me, but sometimes increases my demands and makes me soft. I miss the mark all the time. If I love my neighbor as myself, when I haven't figured out how to love myself correctly, won't I make those same mistakes?
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Presumably, yes.
The smug theorist is forced to conclude that if one cannot love God correctly, one cannot love oneself correctly, and therefore cannot love others correctly. Since we never can love God perfectly, we'll never do the other two things correctly.
But we can try to get better and better at it.
And that means... practice.
The first commandment is: Love God with everything you have. I understand that as telling me to do the hard work, every day, of getting better and better at loving God---wanting what God wants. Loving truth. Loving justice. Loving mercy. Loving creation. Loving everything God created---including myself.
The second commandment is: Love your neighbor as you love yourself. Present tense: right now. However I love myself---however imperfectly---however I try to give myself what is really good for me, whether it be something that brings pleasure or suffering---that's the model I'm to look to, in the moment.
(Caveat: It's an analogy, right? Our ultimate good is always the same end, but the means by which it may be secured may differ. This is a tricky bit, and comes down to seeing my neighbor as a unique human being of equal worth to myself.)
I think we're basically being commanded to make stupid mistakes if necessary, but to continually try to be less stupid.
If I act, I am going to love my neighbor wrong. I'm being told to do it anyway, with the understanding I have about what's true about me, and what's good for me. And understanding (from knowing and loving God) that part of what's true about me is my uniqueness, meaning that what's good for me (here and now)---the means that help me secure my end--- is not actually identical with what's good for my neighbor. So, while modeling my love of my neighbor on my wanting-what's-ultimately-good-for-myself, I have to think outside the what's-good-for-me box a bit. Something I'll never be able to do perfectly, even if I were able to want perfectly what's ultimately good for myself. Which I'm not.
But what it sounds like I'm being told is to do it anyway, today, as blundery as I might be. And to do the work every day to understand my errors and correct them, within and without.
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